منابع مشابه
Managing first-line failure
WHO standard of care for failure of a first regimen, usually 2N(t)RTI's and an NNRTI, consists of a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor with a change in N(t)RTI's. Until recently, there was no evidence to support these recommendations which were based on expert opinion. Two large randomized clinical trials, SECOND LINE and EARNEST both showed excellent response rates (>80%) for the WHO standar...
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Sir Peter Medawar experimentally demonstrated immunological tolerance through his tissue transplantation experiment in the early and mid-1950s. He made a central contribution to modern biomedicine by showing that genetically distinct cells introduced into a body during its foetal phase could not only be permanently tolerated but also make the host accept any subsequent skin grafts from the orig...
متن کاملSecond-line failure and first experience with third-line antiretroviral therapy in Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the failure of second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the use of third-line ART in people living with HIV in resource-limited settings. Since 2011, the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) HIV/tuberculosis programme in Mumbai, India, has been providing third-line ART to patients in care. OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences and programmatic challenges dur...
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Despite the successful therapeutic applications of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to date, knowledge of how they work and guidelines for their use are still incomplete. On their role as monotherapy in congestive heart failure, we have scarce and conflicting data. Nor is there a clear answer to the question, when should an ACE inhibitor be started in a patient with heart failure?...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the International AIDS Society
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1758-2652
DOI: 10.7448/ias.17.4.19489